Jurnal Sosial Politik Peradaban (JSPP)

The Fourth Generation War on Terrorism: Asymmetrical Warfare With Jihad Ideology and Counter-Terrorism

Endro Tri Susdarwono — Tue, 20 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0800

In recent years there has been an increase in the frequency of jihadist
attacks, but a decrease in the sophistication of their preparation and
execution. Jihadist attacks however, cause more deaths and casualties than
any other terrorist attacks. The West’s experience in Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria,
Libya and Yemen are important lessons of what can and cannot be done to
fight extremism and terrorism, especially in the context of the rise of
asymmetrical warfare in the modern era. Indonesia is facing similar questions
and challenges with respect to terrorism, from understanding the reasons and
mechanisms that drive radicalization, in particular among our youth, to the
need to respond the challenges of Foreign Terrorists Fighters, radicalization
in prisons as well as monitoring released suspects and convicts, putting in
place policies that buttress prevention, deradicalization and law enforcement
in full respect oh human rights. History the births of jihad violent ideology in
line with the establishment of Indonesia Islamic State by Sekarmadji Maridjan
Kartosoewirjo in 1949. Kartoesoewirjo did an armed resistance with his troops.
The war was called Sabil War, whose word originated from the word fisabillilah
which means on path of Allah. Sabil War is a holy war and it is also called
jihad war. Jihad is defined as a war and it is the obligation of every Moslem
(fardlu ain). When one dies in jihad war they die syahid fiisabilillah, and the
reward is heaven.

Keywords: asymmetrical warfare; jihad ideology; the root of Islamic
radicalism.

STRATEGI PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA DALAM UPAYA MEMPERTAHANKAN EKSPOR KE TIONGKOK DI AWAL MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 TAHUN 2020

Nofa Indri Listasari, Sigid Widyantoro — Tue, 20 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0800

Coronavirus Diseasea 2019 (COVID-19) which first appeared in Hubei
Province, Wuhan, China and spread troughout the world to Indonesia in early
2020. The spread of this virus has an impact on various international activities,
one of which is disrupted trade activities. The impact of this virus has
decreased Indonesia’s trade with China, especially in Indonesia’s esports to

China. Indonesia in maintaining exports to China at the beginning of the 2020
COVID-19 pandemic. This research conducted has a qualitative, use method
a descriptive analysis approach and with secondary data collection techniques
obtained through literature study, like books, journal articles, research papers,
working papers, online official data bases or archives or online news.
The research as the concept of national interest, conception Sun Tzu
strategy and concept politics of international cooperation. By analyzes with
these this concept, found that Indonesia government tread strategy could be
explan using one of Sun Tzu strategy. The tactics used in the strategy was
optimalizing, momentum effectiveness, and resource efficiency.

Keywords: COVID-19, Indonesia, Exports, China, Sun Tzu.

STRATEGI KOREA TOURISM ORGANIZATION (KTO) DALAM MEMPROMOSIKAN ‘WISATA HALAL’ DI KOREA SELATAN

Ulfah Azizah, Mochammad Fathoni — Tue, 20 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0800

The study discussed strategy analysis of the Korea Tourism
Organization (KTO) in promoting halal tourism in South Korea. This study
aimed to find out what strategies were carried out by the KTO, and what efforts
ware made to increase the number of muslim tourist visiting South Korea. This
study used a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach and
secondary data collection obtained through literature research from books,
journal articles, magazines, official data archives and online news. This study
also used the pro-growth development theory of the flying geese model and
the teory of 4P strategy (product, place, promotion, price). The results of halal
tourism, the number of muslim tourist visits to South Korea increased.

Keywords : South Korea, Korea Tourism Organization, Halal Tourism, Flying
Geese, 4P

KETERLIBATAN UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES (UNHCR) DAN SEKURITISASI ISU KEMANUSIAAN PENGUNGSI SURIAH DI TURKI TAHUN 2015

Nur Senja Hidayatul Mufidha, Rifqi Its’naini Yusuf — Tue, 20 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0800

The Syrian conflict occurred due to the impact of the Arab Spring which captured the world's attention and made its people decide to migrate to neighboring countries such as Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan and others to seek protection and a sense of security. Turkey was the country with the most refugees in 2015 reaching 2.5 million people. This study uses a qualitative method with secondary data sources and uses a literature study technique with the scope 2015. The purpose of this study was to determine the involvement of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the securitization of the humanitarian issue of Syrian refugees in Turkey in 2015. The results of this study indicate that the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) as an international organization under the United Nations that handles international refugees has entered to deal with the crisis that occurred in Turkey and has been involved in the securitization of humanitarian issues that occurred to Syrian refugees in Turkey in 2015. UNHCR in its efforts to handle Syrian refugees in Turkey includes resolving issues of education, health, and housing.

Keywords: Securitization, Refugees, Syria, Turkey, UNHCR.

ANALISIS TEORI POLITIK HIJAU TERHADAP PENERAPAN TUJUAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN (TPB) KEHIDUPAN DARATAN DI INDONESIA

Sinfan Najia, Agung Triyatno — Tue, 20 Dec 2022 00:00:00 +0800

Maraknya kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Karhutla) di Indonesia
menjadikan julukan paru-paru dunia perlahan pudar. Kasus kebakaran hutan
dan lahan rentang waktu 2016-2019 mengalami kenaikan dan penurunan,
puncaknya pada tahun 2019 Karhutla Indonesia mencapai angka
1.649.258,00 hektar. Usaha yang dilakukan dalam mengatasi kebakaran
hutan dan lahan di Indonesia memiliki kaitan erat dengan penerapan SDGs
Life on Land di mana berfokus pada perlindungan wilayah darat. Tujuan
penelitian ini ialah mengetahui mengapa Green Politics Theory Eckersley
mengamati penerapan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Life on Land
di Indonesia dengan studi kasus kebakaran hutan dan lahan 2016-2019.
Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yaitu jumlah kebakaran hutan dan
lahan di Indonesia, dokumen Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), analisis
dan pendataan sesuai Perpres No 59 Tahun 2017 tentang Sustainable
Development Goals, serta sumber-sumber lain seperti dokumen, buku,
internet, dan situs web. Selain itu, penelitian ini menggunakan Green Politics
Theory Eckersley untuk mendeskripsikan objek yang diteliti. Berdasarkan
analisis dengan menggunakan teori tersebut, rentang waktu 2016-2019
Pemerintah Indonesia menekankan pada aspek pembangunan ekonomi,
manusia yang mampu dijadikan fondasi untuk tujuan jangka panjang, dan
untuk perlindungan lingkungan menuju Indonesia yang lebih baik.

Keywords: Indonesia, Kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Karhutla), Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), Green Politics Theory.