Pharmacy Peradaban Journal

TEST OF THE ANTIFUNGICAL ACTIVITY OF CELERY LEAF EXTRACT (Apium graveolens L) ON THE GROWTH OF Pityrosporum ovale USING THE DISC DIFFUSION METHOD

Vita Devi Khubaesaroh, Aulia Rahman, Resa Frafela Rosmi — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Pityrosporum ovale is a microorganism that causes infectious diseases. To overcome the problem of infection, you can use natural ingredients containing picretin, berberine and palmatin compounds which are included in the alkaloid group compounds, flavonoids, saponins and tannins, one of which is found in celery leaves (Apium graviolens L). This study aims to determine the activity of 70% chlorosome and ethanol extracts on the inhibitory power of Pityrosporum ovale growth, determine the effect of celery leaf extract concentration on Pityrosporum ovale, and find out the differences in antifungal activity with the use of various tracers to Pityrosporum ovale. The extract obtained using the maceration method, was carried out by maceration for 3x24 hours with chlorosomes and 70% ethanol. The maserat results were obtained with two tracers then evaporated and perfected using waterbath until a thick extract of celery leaves was obtained. The antifungi activity test was carried out using Potato Dextro Agar media and the disc diffusion method was made with a concentration of 15%, 25% and 35% of the celery leaf extract of each distributor. The results of the study proved the antifungi activity of celery leaf extract against Pityrosporum ovale in each of the tracers, namely ethanol coating 15%, 25% and 35% respectively by 6,5 mm; 13 mm and 15,5 mm. While in chloroform coating 15% .25% and 35% respectively by 9 mm; 11 mm and 13,5 mm. Positive control of Ketomed Shampoo on ethanol solvent by 17,5 mm and on chlorosome solvent by 17 mm. Negative control with a 10% DMSO solvent does not indicate the presence of antifungal activity. From the results of this study, it was concluded that the concentration of 35% in both breeders had the highest antifungi activity in inhibiting the growth of Pityrosporum ovale.

Keywords: Antifungal, Celery Leaf, Disc Diffusion Method, Inhibition, Pityrosporum ovale

Monitoring of Side Effects of Amoxicillin and Cotrimoxazole in Pediatric Patients in Paguyangan Health Center in 2022

Siska Ayu Efendy, Aziez Ismunandar, Luthfi Hidayat Maulana — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Antibiotic use often causes side effects (Ratman et al., 2019). Side effects that can be caused by the use of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole in children are nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, rashes, hypersensitivity reactions (Tambunan et al., 2012). The use of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole antibiotics in Paguyangan Health Center is the type of antibiotic that is most often given to pediatric patients so it is necessary to monitor the side effects of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole in Paguyangan Health Center in order to achieve the success of drug therapy and reduce the occurrence of resistance. Knowing the pattern of use of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole in pediatric patients in Paguyangan Health Center, knowing the side effects that can be caused from the use of amoxicillin in pediatric patients in Paguyangan Health Center, knowing the side effects that can be caused from the use of cotrimoxazole in pediatric patients in Paguyangan Health Center. This study uses descriptive observational methods and with a posspective research design through interviews with parents of pediatric patients who get prescriptions for amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole by mobile phone for 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours at Paguyangan. The population in this study was all parents of pediatric patients who received antibiotics at Paguyangan Health Center, and recorded from January to June 2021 as many as 669 patients. Sampling technique is using puposive sampling technique by looking at the subject according to inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria for the study were parents of pediatric patients aged 0-11 who redeemed the antibiotics amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole, prescription and record data in December 2021, and parents of pediatric patients who were willing to be respondents and had cell phones. The exclusion criteria in this study were pediatric patients aged 0-11 years who did not get antibiotics and parents of patients who were not willing to be respondents and did not have cell phones. The results of monitoring side effects of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole use in pediatric patients did not cause side effects shown with a percentage of 100%. This study showed the percentage of pediatric patients who received the most antibiotics type amoxicillin tab 500mg by 64.8% and amoxicillin syr 125mg / 5ml as much as 27.8%, the percentage of children who received the most amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole aged 5-11 years as much as 68.5%, the percentage of dosing the most given is amoxicillin tab 500mg 3 x 1 tab by 24.1%, The percentage of diagnosis of the most diseases is ISPA disease by 53.7% and the percentage of treatment for the most is for 3 days by 66.7%, the use of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole does not cause side effects indicated by a percentage of 100%.

Keywords: Amoxicillin, Cotrimoxazole, Monitoring of drug side effects

ANALYSIS OF DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPS) IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS AT MUHAMMADIYAH SITI AMINAH GENERAL HOPSITAL BUMIAYU IN 2021

Tunjung Winarno, Milhatun Nazah — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Diabetes Mellitus is a noncommunicable disease which is the number one cause of death in the world. Drug Related Problems (DRPs) is one of the health problems that often occur in patients with type 2 Diabetes Melitus. Diabetes Melitus is one of the major diseases with the most inpatients at Muhammadiyah Hospital Siti Aminah Bumiayu. Thus, due to the high number of people with Diabetes Mellitus in Muhammadiyah Hospital Siti Aminah Bumiayu, it is therefore important to conduct research to assess the incidence of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) in the treatment of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Muhammadiyah Hospital Siti Aminah Bumiayu. The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) in the treatment of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at Muhammadiyah Hospital Siti Aminah Bumiayu. The method used is no-experimental observation using SPSS Statistic 21, namely univariate analysis. From a total population of 126 patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, a sample of 80 patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus met the inclusion criteria, namely patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with an age of ≤ 45 years, while patients who did not meet the exclusion criteria, namely incomplete patient medical record data. Analysis of the incidence of Drug Related Problems (DRPs). Analysis of the incidence of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) V9.00. The results of this study are the analysis of the incidence of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) at Muhammadiyah Hospital Siti Aminah Bumiayu in 2021 namely related, not optimal therapy effect in 1 case (1,3%), and drug interactions in 31 cases (38,8%).

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, drug related problems (DRPs)

THE EFFECT OF PHARMACEUTICAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES ON SATISFACTION OF TB (TUBERCULOSIS) PATIENTS IN THE OUTPATIENT PHARMACY INSTALLATION OF RSUD CILACAP IN 2022

Fida Hanifah, Aziez Ismunandar, Luthfi Hidayat Maulana — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Tuberculosis is one of the health problems that is a global challenge. The hospital is one of the health facilities needed for health care providers that will provide satisfaction if adequate. In addition to facilities, patient satisfaction is influenced by other aspects, namely aspects of pharmaceutical services.patient satisfaction (tuberculosis) in the outpatient pharmacy installation of RSUD Cilacap in 2022. The method used was a cross sectional study, a total of 73 samples were taken based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the t test indicate that there is an influence of facilities on the satisfaction of tuberculosis with a t count value of 6.744 > t table 1.944 and there is an influence of pharmaceutical services on patient satisfaction with a t value of 2.283 > t table 1.944, the F test shows that there is a simultaneous influence between facilities and pharmaceutical services. on the satisfaction of TB patients (tuberculosis) in the outpatient pharmacy installation of RSUD Cilacap in 2022 with a calculated F value of 47.640 > F table 3.13. Keywords: tuberculosis, facilities, pharmaceutical services, patient satisfaction

THE RELATIONSHIP OF COMPLIANCE WITH TAKING ORAL ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS TO HBA1C VALUES IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN THE OUTPATIENT INSTALLATION OF MUHAMMADIYAH SITI AMINAH BUMIAYU HOSPITAL IN 2022

Ita Latifatunnisa, Baedi Mulyanto, Luthfi Hidayat Maulana — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Diabetes mellitus is a complex chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) shows that in 2015 there were 415 million adults with diabetes and there was a fourfold increase from 108 million in the 1980s. In 2040 it is predicted that the number will increase to 642 million people (Kemenkes RI, 2018). Compliance in taking medication is needed to support the success of patient therapy and ensure stable blood glucose levels are controlled so that they can achieve the target of successful patient compliance in undergoing treatment. The measurement of the HbA1c value is the most effective index of adherence of DM patients. HbA1c levels >6.5% indicate the level of compliance of DM patients in controlling blood sugar levels is considered not good (Puspitasari, 2012). Based on information from health workers, diabetes mellitus patients who come to the hospital when they are sick but they do not know about drug therapy adherence which is a problem that greatly affects the incidence of patients, so it is necessary to research the relationship between adherence to taking oral antidiabetic drugs with HbA1c values in diabetic patients. mellitus type 2 at Muhammadiyah Hospital Siti Aminah Bumiayu. This type of research is analytic observational using a cross sectional design. The study was conducted at Muhammadiyah Hospital Siti Aminah Bumiayu in April-May 2022. The population of this study was type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who underwent treatment at the outpatient installation of Muhammadiyah Hospital Siti Aminah Bumiayu, as many as 88 patients. The inclusion criteria of the study were, age of patient >20 years, type 2 diabetes mellitus patient who received outpatient treatment at Muhammadiyah Siti Aminah General Hospital Bumiayu, patient who received oral antidiabetic with/without insulin at least six months prior to adherence measurement, performed HbA1c examination. The study exclusion criteria were patients who were not involved in the study. The sampling technique used was a total sampling technique that met the inclusion criteria. The study used the MARS-5 questionnaire and the results of laboratory tests. This study shows a low level of compliance as much as 40.5% and high compliance as much as 59.5%. Patients with the highest HbA1c results were in the unachieved target category as much as 57.1% with a p value of 0.006 which means that there is a relationship between adherence to taking antidiabetic drugs and HbA1c values in Type 2 DM patients at Muhammadiyah Hospital Siti Aminah Bumiayu, so that patients are more obedient to drinking. drug, the smaller the value of HbA1c.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Drug Compliance, MARS-5, HbA1c

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF AWAR-AWAR LEAF EXTRACT (Ficus septica Burm. F) WITH n-HEXANE AND WATER FILTERS AGAINST THE GROWTH OF Staphylococcus aureus BACTERIA

Intan Fadini, Pudjono Pudjono, Eka Trisnawati — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the bacteria that causes infectious diseases. This infectious disease is a problem that often occurs in developing countries, one of which is Indonesia with a prevalence value ranging from 20-80%. Infectious diseases, especially skin diseases, can usually progress from mild to serious infections, especially if Staphylococcus aureus is already present. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of leaf extract of awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm f) with n-hexane and water as a solvent. The research was conducted by extracting awar-awar leaves with n-hexane and water so that after being evaporated, a thick extract was obtained. The extract obtained was then tested for its antibacterial activity using nutrient agar media in the well diffusion method. The results obtained showed the antibacterial activity of each filter, namely n-hexane with a concentration of 10% having an inhibition zone diameter of 5.3 mm, 25% having an inhibition zone diameter of 10.6 mm, and 35% having an inhibition zone diameter of 15. 3 mm. While the water filter with a concentration of 10% has an inhibition zone diameter of 5 mm, 25% has an inhibition zone diameter of 8 mm and 35% has an inhibition zone diameter of 11.3 mm. The positive control of amoxicillin with a concentration of 30µg/50µL had an inhibition zone of 20 mm and the negative control, DMSO 10%, did not show any antibacterial activity. From the results of the study, it was concluded that the concentration of 35% in both extracts had the highest antibacterial activity in inhibiting the growth activity of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria

Keywords: antibacterial test, Ficus septica, Staphylococcus aureus, bacterial inhibition, well diffusion method

ANALYSIS OF NITRITE PRESERVATIVES ON SAUSAGES CIRCULATED IN THE WEST BANYUMAS MARKET IN 2021

Ninda Rahma Tunisia, Resa Frafela Rosmi, Tunjung Winarno — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Regulation of the Head of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 36 of 2013 concerning the Maximum Limit for the Use of Food Additives for Preservatives states that nitrite is permitted to be used as a preservative. However, in its use care must be taken so as not to have a negative impact on human health. Excess nitrite in the blood can cause methemoglobin and nitrite can also be carcinogenic. This study aims to identify and determine the levels of nitrite preservatives contained in sausages circulating in the West Banyumas market. The study used qualitative analysis with sulfanilic acid reagent and naphthylethylenediamine reagent and quantitative analysis with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Qualitative analysis by dripping sulfanilic acid reagent and naphthylethylenediamine reagent on the sample filtrate and then observing the color change to purplish red. Quantitative analysis by observing the absorption at a maximum wavelength of 546 nm. The results of research on the content of nitrite preservative food additives in sausages circulating in the West Banyumas market, from 6 sausage samples coded A, B, C, D, E and F showed 4 sausage samples containing nitrite preservative food additives. From the results of UV-Vis spectrophotometry, the levels of nitrite preservatives for samples A, B, C, F were 3.096 g/ml, 5.064 g/ml, 2.86 g/ml, 4.37 g/ml respectively.

Keywords: sausage, sulfanylic acid, naphtylethylenediamine, griess reagent, nitrite, UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

STUDY OF MOLECULAR DOCKING LIGANS IN Glucagon Like-Peptide-1 Receptor (GLP-1R)

Lukman Hakim, Syaiful Prayogi, Mega Kartikasari, Feri Kanti Rahayu — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Hyperglycemia is associated with relatively specific long-term microvascular complications and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The effectiveness of reducing A1C GLP-1 allows Glucagon Like-Peptide-1 Receptor (GLP-1R) to be an attractive option as a target for diabetes drugs. This study was conducted with the aim of estimating the interaction of several ligands with GLP-1R. Test ligands were used using Marvin Sketch, BDS and MVD were used for docking simulation and visualization. The study showed that the 4 constituent compounds in snakehead fish had potential binding among other test compounds.

Keywords: Channa striata, free fatty acids, hyperglycemia

SIMULATION OF MOLECULAR DOCKING FATTY ACID CONSTITUENTS OF SNAKEHEAD FISH (Channa striata) ON FFAR4/GPR120

Mega Kartikasari, Syaiful Prayogi, Lukman Hakim, Feri Kanti Rahayu — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

In diabetes (Type 2 DM) the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines is high. FFAR4/GPR120 is a free fatty acid receptor that plays a role in reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study was conducted with the aim of estimating the interaction of fatty acid constituents in snakehead fish with FFAR4. The crystal structure of FFAR4 protein was made using homology modeling, the test compounds were used using Marvin Sketch, BDS and MVD were used for docking simulation and visualization. Melatonin receptor type 1B with a Seq Identity value of 26.69% was chosen as a template in homology modeling to produce the FFAR4 model (Ramachandran Favored (91.67%)). Research shows DHA with a rerank score of -78.843 has the best binding between the other 2 fatty acids.

Keywords: Channa striata, DHA, free fatty acid, hyperglycemia

COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTICS USE OF PNEUMONIA PATIENS WITH HOSPITALIZATION IN RSU MUHAMMADIYAH SITI AMINAH BUMIAYU IN 2021

Teguh Hary Kartono, Diah Asripah — Mon, 06 Feb 2023 00:00:00 +0800

Pneumonia is an infectious disease that is the highest cause of death in children and the elderly. Cost is one of the most important factor to consider in health care. The purpose of this study was to analyze the cost-effectiveness of using antibiotics in patients with pneumonia in RSU Muhammadiyah Siti Aminah Bumiayu. This study uses a descriptive method with retrospective data collection. The sample was obtained by purposive sampling method in patients with a diagnosis of pneumonia who were hospitalized in 2021, were general patients who received antibiotic therapy with complete medical record data and financing data, therefore a study sample of 28 patients was obtained. The results of this study showed that there were eight antibiotic therapy profiles in pneumonia patients, namely Ampisilin Sulbaktam (25,0%), Levofloxacin+ Ceftriaxone (17,9%), Levofloxacin (14,3%), Cefotaxime (14,3%), Azitromisin+ Ceftazidim (10,7), Ampisilin Sulbaktam+ Cefotaxime (7,1%), Azitromisin + Levofloxacin (7,1%) and Ceftriaxone (3,6%). The result of calculating the ACER value is known that the most cost-effective antibiotic is Cefotaxime with an ACER value of Rp. 2.701.625,-

Keywords: Pneumonia, Antibiotics, Cost-effectiveness, ACER, ICER