SINTESIS PARASETAMOL DENGAN CARA ASETILASI p-AMINOFENOL MENGGUNKAN ANHIDRIDA ASETAT DAN ASAM ASETAT
Keywords:
p-aminofenol, acethaminophen, asetilasi, anhidrida asetat, asam asetatAbstract
Almost 90% of the raw materials for drugs in Indonesia are still imported. The total import value in 2018 was the US $ 5 billion. Paracetamol is one of the raw materials for drugs that are still imported. Paracetamol can be prepared by acetylation of p-aminophenol. This study aims to find acetylation that produces optimal products in the synthesis of paracetamol using acetic anhydride, acetic acid, and their mixtures. Synthesis is carried out by reacting p-aminophenol with acetylating compounds at each variation of moles. The synthesized crude is recrystallized using hot distilled water. To determine the purity of the synthesized compound, the TLC test was carried out with distilled water eluent: acetone (6: 4), determination of the melting point, and analysis of the IR spectrophotometer. TLC test results for the synthesis of paracetamol from p-aminophenol and acetic anhydride (experiment I); p-aminophenol and acetic anhydride with acetic acid (experiment III) showed Rf values ​​of 0.88 and 0.88, respectively. Melting point test results 169-173 0C (experiment I) and 168-170 0C (experiment III). The results of the IR spectra of synthesis experiments I and III obtained peak data that were identical to those of pure paracetamol. The most optimal acetylation with the highest yield of 59.5% was obtained from the reaction of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride using a mole ratio (1: 0.5)
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