Cross-Categorial Generalisations (X-Bar Syntax) Analysis on Jokowi's Speech in Asia-Pasific Economic Cooperation in Beijing

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the Cross-Categorial Generalisations (X-bar Syntax) on Jokowi’s speech in Asia-Pasific Economic Cooperation in Beijing. The writers analyze five phrases: Noun Phrase (NP), Verb Phrase (VP), Adjective Phrase (AP), Adverb Phrase (AdvP), and Prepositional Phrase (PP) by using X-bar Syntax through tree diagram. The writers divide each phrase into terms of X-bar Syntax: Head, Complement, Specifier, and Adjunct. The writers apply descriptive qualitative design and Simak Bebas Libat Cakap and Teknik Bagi Unsur Langsung (the segmenting immediate constituents technique) as the method. The result of X-bar Syntax analysis is that the writers find 49 Noun Phrases, 61 Verb Phrases, 5 Adjective Phrases, 6 Adverb Phrases, and 11 Prepositional Phrases. From Specifier analysis, the writers can conclude that the Specifier of NP is in the form of Determiner; VP, AP, and AdvP have no Specifier; while the Specifier of PP is in the form of Adverb. From Complement Analysis, the writers can conclude that the Complement of NP is in the form of PP and NP; the Complement of VP is in the form of NP, clause, and PP; AP has no Complement; the Complement of AdvP is in the form of NP and PP; while the Complement of PP is in the form of NP and PP. From Adjunct analysis, the writers can conclude that the Adjunct of NP is in the form of AP, NP, PP, and clause; the Adjunct of VP is in the form of AdvP, PP, and clause; the Adjunct of AP is in the form of AdvP and clause; the Adjunct of AdvP is in the form of clause; while the Adjunct of PP is in the form of PP.